difference:
1 The main body of investment is different: civil buildings are built by individuals or sold to individuals after being built by developers; Public buildings are built by the government or units, or by individuals.
2. The subject of enjoyment is different: civil buildings are usually private property, which belongs to individuals; Public buildings It is the public property shared by the public and belongs to the government or units.
3 Civil buildings can be divided into residential buildings and public buildings according to their use functions.
Public buildings Including office buildings (including office buildings, government department offices, etc.), commercial buildings (such as shopping malls, financial buildings, etc.), tourist buildings (such as hotels, entertainment venues, etc.), science, education, culture and health buildings (including cultural, educational, scientific research, medical, health, sports buildings, etc.), communication buildings (such as post and telecommunications, communication, broadcasting buildings) Transportation buildings (such as airports, high-speed railway stations, railway stations, bus stations, refrigerators, etc.) and others (police stations, warehouses, detention centers).
Both public buildings and residential buildings are civil buildings. Civil buildings and industrial buildings are collectively called buildings. It is still unclear whether commercial and residential buildings belong to public buildings or residential buildings.
Commercial and residential buildings have both the characteristics of public buildings and the functions of residential buildings, which can be understood as between the two, and can be defined as "inter residential" buildings. "Space" can indicate the continuous transformation of commercial and residential functions in time and space. "Residence" is the most basic characteristic of both commerce and residence, and also the most primitive function of architecture.
Civil buildings refer to non productive residential buildings and public buildings, which are composed of several indoor spaces of different sizes; The formation of its space requires various entities to be combined, and these entities are called building components. General civil buildings are composed of foundations, walls or columns, ground floors, stairs, roofs, doors and windows, etc., such as residential buildings, office buildings, kindergartens, schools, canteens, cinemas, hospitals, hotels, exhibition halls, shops, stadiums, etc.
Foundation: the load-bearing component at the bottom of the building, which bears all the loads of the building and transmits them down to the foundation.
Walls and columns: walls are the load-bearing and enclosure components of buildings. In the frame load-bearing structure, columns are the main vertical load-bearing components.
Roof: it is a load-bearing and enclosure component on the top of the building, generally composed of roof, thermal insulation layer and load-bearing structure.
Ground floor: It is the horizontal load-bearing component of a building, including the ground floor and the floor in the middle.
Stairs: vertical transportation facilities of buildings for people to go up and down at ordinary times and for emergency evacuation.
Doors and windows: doors are mainly used to connect internal and external traffic and separate rooms. Windows are mainly used for lighting and ventilation. Doors and windows are non load bearing components.
Secondary components of the building:
Auxiliary components and accessories: such as balcony, awning, steps, apron, ventilation channel, etc.
