1、 Public buildings Energy consumption status
In China, public buildings, especially government office buildings and large office buildings, consume too much energy. According to statistics, the energy consumption of public buildings accounts for 3.6% of the total energy consumption of the country. At present, public buildings only account for 5%~6% of the total construction area of cities and towns, but their power consumption is 70~300 kwh/m2 · year, 10~20 times that of residential buildings. In large and super large cities in China, the total power consumption of such buildings is greater than that of local residential buildings. From the perspective of terminal energy consumption, the energy consumption of public buildings mainly includes air conditioning power, lighting socket power, office power, power and special power, among which the energy consumption of building air conditioning is the main energy consumption, accounting for 50%~70% of the total energy consumption of buildings. The investigation results show that this kind of building energy waste is still serious and has great energy saving potential.
2. Relevant laws and regulations on energy conservation of public buildings
The Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China, revised and promulgated by the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China in 2007, and the Regulations on Energy Conservation of Public Institutions, formulated and promulgated by the State Council in 2008, clearly define the legal obligations of public institutions in the energy conservation of the whole society, and put forward new requirements for the energy conservation work of public institutions. In 2007, the State Council issued the Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, which proposed a specific guiding work plan for energy conservation construction and transformation of public buildings.
For new public buildings, the National Standard for Energy Efficiency Design of Public Buildings (GB50189-2005) approved by the Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China in 2005 stipulates that the energy efficiency of new public buildings should be investigated, designed, constructed and put into use simultaneously.
In government units at all levels, the State Council has stipulated and implemented a strict accountability system and a "one vote veto system" for energy conservation and emission reduction. The achievement or failure of energy conservation and emission reduction goals will be an important part of the government and leadership performance assessment.
3. Function and significance of public building energy consumption monitoring and management platform
The energy consumption monitoring and management platform for public buildings can diagnose the energy consumption, judge the energy saving potential, evaluate and determine the energy saving transformation scheme of buildings through sub item measurement, and finally realize the scientific management of building energy consumption, improve the efficiency of energy use, and reduce energy consumption costs.
Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering In his article Analysis on the Current Situation of Building Energy Consumption in China and Ways to Save Energy, the Vice President of the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University clearly proposed that "an effective statistical platform for building energy consumption can give specific data on the terminal energy consumed by buildings in China, and quantitatively describe the specific characteristics of building energy consumption in China (such as development trend, characteristics of energy consumption of buildings with different functions, energy consumption of buildings in different regions, characteristics of energy consumption of different terminals in buildings, etc.), which is an important basis for building energy conservation. At present, China has not planned to build this platform, and the direct consequence is that the building energy conservation work has always brought great blindness, even misleading the direction and focus of work. It is a fundamental work with far-reaching strategic significance to build a perfect building energy consumption statistics platform as soon as possible and make it operate effectively. "
2、 Application analysis of public building energy consumption monitoring management platform
1. Project Overview
Energy consumption monitoring and management platform for public buildings. Public buildings mainly include government office buildings, large shopping malls, large office buildings, etc. This energy consumption monitoring platform can conduct real-time monitoring, classification, itemized statistics and synchronous uploading of water, electricity and air conditioning (HVAC) energy consumption in each office building.
2. Design of energy consumption monitoring and management platform for public buildings
At the beginning of the construction, relevant technical and user personnel were organized to conduct a detailed on-site survey, and the building conditions of each unit (such as construction year, unit function, installation of energy consuming equipment, etc.) were truly registered. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China, A targeted in-depth design was carried out, and a specific installation, commissioning and acceptance plan was planned for the installation location, acquisition object, data acquisition and transmission, data statistics and analysis of metering equipment. Establish a set of energy consumption classification and itemized measurement system for water, electricity, gas, heating, air conditioning, etc., to realize real-time monitoring of electricity, water consumption, heat consumption of central heating, cooling consumption of central cooling and other energy consumption of the monitoring unit.
Different units have different types of energy consumption. When designing, we have different configurations for the energy consumption collection equipment designed and installed by different units. In order to facilitate management and carry out multi-directional data statistics and analysis, the management software is designed and installed with status monitoring, fault equipment retrieval, real-time data, building area distribution, building area organization unit comparison, energy consumption ranking, data export, comprehensive report, bill query, energy saving warning, expert diagnosis, manual import, energy consumption data loop splitting Mobile terminal access and control functions and other functional modules provide analysis means such as reports, maps, graphs, histograms, pie charts, etc. The objective energy consumption evaluation system will be realized after its completion, and the energy consumption assessment and quota management of each building will be realized.
3. Statistical application analysis of typical unit power consumption
In order to analyze the energy consumption data of energy consumption units in detail, we selected a typical energy consumption government unit to make statistics and analysis of its electricity consumption.
3.1 Statistics of energy consumption of subdivisional electricity
Classified statistics of electric energy consumption of a government unit in late May
3.2 Statistical analysis of classified energy consumption
It can be seen from the pie chart that the electricity consumption of air conditioners accounts for 57% of the total electricity consumption, and that of lighting sockets accounts for 30% of the total electricity consumption. They are major energy consumers. From a macro perspective, there must be a lot of room for energy conservation, which will guide our future energy conservation work and be the key area for the next energy conservation work.
3.3 Statistical analysis of air conditioning energy consumption
Daily power consumption diagram of air conditioning system in late May
It can be seen from the above figure that the energy consumption of the air conditioning system has a great relationship with the outdoor ambient temperature and the working conditions of the staff. When the ambient temperature is high, the energy consumption of the air conditioning system is high. When the staff is not working, the air conditioning system is in a shutdown state, and the energy consumption is zero. There are two findings from the in-depth analysis: first, the air conditioning system of the project is an open type of human intervention management. The air conditioning management personnel open and adjust the air conditioning equipment based on their own experience and feelings, resulting in a very obvious change in daily energy consumption when the outdoor temperature changes little. Second, the energy consumption of the water pump of the air conditioning system changes greatly, and the energy consumption is also very large.
Solution: Install real-time energy consumption metering, temperature control and time management equipment at the end of the air conditioner, and install frequency conversion adjustment equipment in the energy center to form a complete central air conditioning energy-saving automatic control management system, so that it can adjust the production load of the energy center according to the actual use load of the end, so as to reduce the system energy consumption The purpose of prolonging equipment life and reducing operation and management costs.
3.4 Statistical analysis of energy consumption of lighting socket
Bar chart of daily power consumption of lighting socket in late May
The power consumption in the basement is much higher than that in the office area. The power consumption is very high on working days and very low on rest days. The power consumption in the office area is relatively balanced on working days. It is found through investigation that the lighting is turned on on weekdays and turned off on non weekdays. Our company also has office power supply on non working days, that is to say, we also have some people working in the office area on non working days, and these people also need to park in the basement. But at this time, the lighting in the basement is turned off or partially turned on, which means that it is not necessary to turn on all the lighting in the basement on on working days. This is the focus of energy conservation management in the future.
Solution: reconstruct and install the basement lighting control system, and reduce the energy consumption of basement lighting by means of timed automatic control management and controlling the opening of some lighting equipment. We can calculate that the monthly power consumption of our basement is 8937kwh at present. According to the underground lighting conditions of our unit on non working days, we can manage and control the mode of partial opening, and at the same time meet the lighting needs of the basement. With the 55 kwh power consumption on non working days as the control target, the monthly power consumption is 1650 kwh, so the monthly power saving is 7287kwh, and the annual power saving is 87444 kwh, As a unit of 120 people, the per capita annual energy saving is 728.7kwh, which is a very considerable energy saving.
3、 Conclusion
1. The energy consumption monitoring system of large public buildings is a new subject that has been continuously promoted. At this stage, there are still many uncontrollable factors in the system construction and operation.
2. Based on the analysis of the typical case data of the unit energy consumption monitoring system of a government in Hebi City, using the building energy consumption monitoring system, we can quickly find unreasonable energy consumption, which has a positive significance for the future energy saving transformation of the unit.
3. In short, in the next step of work, the government needs to take the lead, establish a coordination and cooperation mechanism for all parties, clarify the responsibilities of all parties, constantly eliminate data inaccuracies caused by non-technical factors, improve the utilization rate of energy consumption systems in large public buildings, and truly realize the function of building energy consumption systems.
