one point one Commercial and residential buildings A building consisting of commercial buildings at the bottom and residential buildings at the top
1.2 Commercial and residential buildings<<Code for Fire Protection Design of High rise Civil Buildings>>Article 2.0.8: definition of commercial and residential buildings: high-rise buildings composed of commercial business halls and residential buildings at the bottom. According to the definition of "High rise Code", commercial and residential buildings are high-rise buildings. However, in reality, there are many commercial and residential buildings with commercial business halls at the bottom and building height less than 24m, In the current<<Code for Fire Protection Design of High rise Civil Buildings>>(hereinafter referred to as "High rise Code"),<<Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings>>(hereinafter referred to as "Building Code"), it is impossible to define its building nature. This paper expands the meaning of commercial and residential buildings, that is, commercial and residential buildings are divided into high-rise commercial and residential buildings and multi-storey commercial and residential buildings, which are composed of commercial business halls at the bottom and residential buildings at the top
1.3 Definition of complex building in Article 2.0.7 of "High Level Planning": it is composed of two or more floors Public buildings Article 3.0.1 of "Gaogui": Commercial and residential buildings and complex buildings are both public buildings, and there is no containment relationship between them. As for the definition of complex buildings, commercial and residential buildings have two different functional floors, which belong to one kind of complex buildings, including commercial and residential buildings. Obviously, Articles 2.0.7, 2.0.8 and 3.0.1 of "Gaogui" contradict each other. Therefore, In this paper, the complex building is defined as a public building composed of two or more floors (excluding commercial and residential buildings)
2 Definition of commercial business offices and commercial service outlets
2.1 Definition of the code "Gao Gui" Article 2.0.8 Definition of commercial and residential buildings: high-rise buildings composed of commercial business halls and residential buildings at the bottom. " The definition of commercial service outlets in Appendix I of the "Building Regulations": public service buildings such as department stores, non-staple food stores, grain stores, postal offices, savings offices, catering stores, barber shops, minor repair shops, etc. with a building area of no more than 300m2. For commercial and residential buildings, the commercial business hall at the bottom can be one or more floors. Where the number of floors of commercial buildings at the bottom is two or more, Both should be characterized as commercial business offices (Wen Xianyi); For commercial and residential buildings with one floor of commercial buildings at the bottom, according to the definition of commercial service outlets in the "Building Regulations", if the building area of the largest single commercial unit exceeds 300m2, it shall be regarded as a commercial business hall; Otherwise, it will be regarded as a commercial service network
2.2 Local regulations The competent department of fire protection design in Xiamen issued and implemented the Interim Provisions on Fire Protection Design of Residential Buildings in Xiamen (hereinafter referred to as the "Interim Provisions") on June 1, 2003. Article 7.4: The design of the shop floor in the compartment of the commercial service network on the ground floor should meet the following requirements -- 7.4.1 When the floor height exceeds 3.90m, the outlet of the mezzanine directly to the outside should be designed, and the mezzanine should be designed; 7.4.2 The mezzanine area is not more than 50% of the floor area, and the mezzanine does not count the number of floors (note: when the mezzanine area is more than 50% of the floor area or no mezzanine is designed, the compartment storefront counts two floors, and the building should be designed according to the requirements of commercial and residential buildings), Unrestrictedly increase the height of the ground floor storefront, and after acceptance, the developer or owner will add interlayer without permission to seek personal benefits and destroy fire safety
3 Fire water supply design of commercial and residential buildings
When the bottom of a commercial and residential building is a commercial business hall, the building is characterized as a commercial and residential building, and whether it is>24m is taken as the standard for defining multi/high-rise buildings; When the bottom of a commercial and residential building is a commercial service network, the building is characterized as a residential building, and whether it is ≥ 10 floors is taken as the standard for defining multi/high-rise buildings
3.1 For the fire hydrant system of multi-storey commercial and residential buildings, the indoor fire water supply shall comprehensively consider the third and fifth paragraphs of Article 8.4.1 of the "Building Regulations", and the indoor fire water consumption shall take the larger one. See Table 1 for the indoor fire water consumption of multi-storey commercial and residential buildings The fire water consumption of high-rise commercial and residential buildings is shown in Table II
3.2 Automatic sprinkler system In view of the fact that the fire risk of commercial and residential buildings is far greater than that of ordinary pure residential buildings (Hengyang "11.3" fire is a typical example), Article 8.2 of the "Interim Provisions" stipulates that the commercial service outlets set at the bottom of high-rise residential buildings should be equipped with automatic sprinkler systems; The commercial service network set at the bottom of the multi-storey residential building should be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system. According to Article 7.6.3 of the "High Level Planning", it can be determined that the upper part of the commercial building at the bottom is the high-rise commercial residential building of the residential building, and the commercial building should be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system; Automatic sprinkler system should be set in the commercial building of multi-storey commercial and residential buildings. At this time, there are three options for fire fighting technology: first, use the municipal water supply pressure to set the normal high pressure automatic sprinkler system in the commercial building; 2、 Use the indoor hydrant system to set up a simple sprinkler system (must be approved by the local fire department); 3、 Combined with the sprinkler system of other parts, complete automatic sprinkler systems such as fire pool and independent sprinkler pump are set
5 Conclusion
The above point of view focuses on some unclear definitions and ambiguous understandings in the actual project implementation of the current specification. In combination with some local regulations in Xiamen, the author makes his own judgment, hoping to give some useful inspiration to peers around the world
